Isocyanurate and halogen-containing polyisocyanates

ABSTRACT

New halogenated polyisocyanates containing isocyanurate rings are prepared in a single step by reacting chlorinated organic compounds, especially chloromethylated aromatics with metal iodide or bromide and metal cyanate in the presence of a dipolar aprotic solvent where the mole ratio of cyanate in the metal cyanate to chlorine in the chlorine containing organic compound is from about 0.25 to less than about 0.8. The polyisocyanate compositions are useful as starting materials in the production of urethane polymers as coatings, films, foams, adhesives, etc. The compositions are especially flame retardant, and have inherent thermal stability provided by the high concentration of isocyanurate rings in the molecule and from the presence of halide groups.

States Patent lnventors Perry A. Argabright;

Brian L. Phillips, both of Littleton, Colo. Appl. No. 830,410 Filed June 4, 1969 Patented Dec. 14, 1971 Assignee Marathon 011 Company Findlay, Ohio ISOCYANURATE AND HALOGEN-CONTAINING POLYISOCYANATES 11 Claims, 2 Drawing Figs.

US. Cl 252/182, 117/136, 117/] 38.8 A, 260/25 AT, 260/2.5 AW, 260/775 AT, 260/248 A, 260/453 A Int. Cl C09k 3/00, C08d 13/08 Field ofSearch 252/182; 260/25 AT, 248 A, 453, 77.5 AT; 117/136, 136.8 A; 106/252 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 8/1962 Tress et al 117/136 3,437,500 4/1969 Hennig et a1 106/252 3,437,680 4/1969 Farrissey et a1. 260/775 3,458,448 7/1969 Argabright 252/182 3,517,002 6/1970 Heiss 252/182 Primary ExaminerRichard D. Lovering Assistant Examinerlrwin Gluck Attorneys-Joseph C. Herring and Richard C. Willson, Jr.

ABSTRACT: New halogenated polyisocyanates containing isocyanurate rings are prepared in a single step by reacting ISOCYANURATE AND HALOGEN-CONTAINING POLYISOCYANATES CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS U.S. application Ser. No. 6| 1,588, filed Jan. 25, 1967, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,458,448 and assigned to the assignee of the present invention. relates to the preparation of polyisocynnate compositions similar to those of the present invention but lacking halogen substituents.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Polyisocyanates, particularly tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) are widely used in the production of polyurethane polymers as coatings, films, foams, adhesives, and elastomers, for example. Urethane polymers offer advantages wherever superior resistance to abrasion, acid, alkali, and weather is required. Polyurethane foams are particularly suitable for thermal and sound insulation as well as resilience. Significant disadvantages of presently available urethane compositions have been their tendency to discolor (yellowing) and degrade when exposed to sunlight, their lack of thermal stability, and general flammability.

The present invention permits the production of new halogen-containing isocyanates in which the nitrogen of the isocyanate radical (N=C=) is not attached to an aromatic ring. It has been discovered that polymers derived from isocyanates having this special molecular characteristic are markedly more resistant to degradation and yellowing than are the polymers produced from conventional isocyanates in which the nitrogen of the isocyanate group is attached to an aromatic ring. These polyisocyanate product mixtures contain at least about 0.l and preferably from 10 to about 75 mole percent (based on the total moles of nitrogen in the compositions) of isocyanurate groups which have been discovered to render additional thermal stability and resistance to degradation of finished polymers. It has also been observed that the incorporation of isocyanurate rings into a polymeric structure increases the flame retarding properties of the structure. These products preferably have at least 0.5 and more preferably at least 2.0 milliequivalents (meq) free isocyanate content per gram of product. Furthermore, the products preferably contain from about to about 50 and more preferably from about to about 30 weight percent halogen.

Another advantage of this invention is realized by using relatively inexpensive alkali metal halides as the source of halogen for incorporation into the polyisocyanate composition, rather than a relatively costly source generally provided by using a halogen gas or hydrogen halides. The presence of halogen, especially halogen atoms attached to carbon atoms having no B-hydrogen atoms, is known to impart flame retardancy to organic materials.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION We have found that halogen-containing polyisocyanates having excellent flame retardant characteristics are prepared in a one step process by reacting chlorine containing organic compound(s) with a metal cyanate and a metal iodide or bromide in the presence of aprotic solvent as defined herein and where the mole ratio of cyanate in the metal cyanate to chlorine in the chlorine containing starting material is from about 0.25 to less than about 0.8. The presence of halogen groups in the polyisocyanate product as well as the presence of isocyanurate rings impart flame retardancy to the compositions. These compositions are starting materials for various polymeric systems (e.g., rigid polyurethane foams) produced by conventional polymerization or copolymerization with an appropriate monomer, (e.g., a polyester or polyether based polyol). Particularly preferred products are the polyurethane and polyurea foams, elastomers, adhesives, and coatings.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION The overall reaction of this invention may be summarized as follows:

p h g i (1) Halogenated isocyanurate Containing Polyisocyanates where R is polyvalent and may be aliphatic, aromatic, heterocylic, aralkyl, alicyclic, olefinic, acetylenic, alkaryl. and noninterferring substituted derivatives thereof for example, lower alkyl group, e.g., methyl, ethyl, isopropyl; halogen, e.g., chlorine, bromine, iodine; aryl, e.g., phenyl, naphthyl; alkoxy and aryloxy, e.g., methoxy, phenoxy; nitro and cyano. Examples of R include:

where X is halogen I 1 a 0 J ole 0 etc.; and where R may be hydrogen (preferred), lower alkyl (e.g. CH3, CH3CH nC H aryl (e.g'. phenyl, naphthyl, a-furyl).

Combinations of organic polychlorides may be used as feed materials.

M and M alkali or alkaline earth metals, for example Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Be, Mg, Ca, etc. where M and M may or may not be the same.

X bromine or iodine Mixtures of metal bromides and metal iodides (e.g. NaBr K1) are within the scope of this invention.

m the average number ofchloroalkylated substituents, and equal to or greater than two (2) (more fully discussed below) :1 number ofmoles of metal iodide or bromide (more fully discussed below).

I: number of moles of metal cyanate (more fully discussed below).

in the products, H] halogen (chlorine, bromine or iodine), 2+S number of -CHR' groups.

Y number of halide groups.

p number of isocyanurate groups (-15).

groups number ofR groups p+2+S( 2p+l )-Y== number of isocyanate groups.

Products as depicted in equation 1 (vide supra) do not contain nitrogen to nitrogen (N-N) or nitrogen to halogen (N-l-ll) bonds or groups.

By aprotic solvents is meant compositions which are liquid under the conditions of the reaction, which have a high dielectric constant (greater than about at C.), which are dipolar, that is, one part of the molecule has a more positive electrical charge relative to the other parts of the molecule causing the molecule to act as a dipole, are sufficiently inert not to enter into deleterious side reactions to a significant degree under the reaction conditions and which do not possess hydrogen atoms capable of hydrogen bonding with or transferring to anions in solution in the reaction mixture. The aprotic solvent can be composed of a mixture of liquids so long as the overall liquid compositions meet the above criteria. Preferred among the aprotic solvents are N-alkyl pyrrolidones (e.g., N- methyl pyrrolidone), N,N-dialkyl amides (e.g., N,N-dimethyl formamide [DMF] and N,N-dimethylacetamide), nitriles (e.g., acetonitrile), hexasubstituted phosphoramides (e.g., hexamethylphosphoramide), tetraalkylureas (e.g., tetramethyl urea), sulfoxides (e.g., dimethylsulfoxide), and sulfones (e.g., diphenyl sulfone), especially those in which substituents are alkyl groups, preferably methyl groups. The. most preferred solvent for the reaction of this invention is DMF. Preferably, from about 0.05 to about and more preferably from about 0.2 to about 2.0 liters of aprotic solvent will be present for each mole of chloroalkyl group present.

Preferred chloroalkylated organic feeds are the chloromethylated aromatics prepared by reacting, for instance, an aromatic hydrocarbon with formaldehyde, or a suitable precursor, and hydrogen chloride in the presence of a catalyst such as a Lewis acid (e.g., zinc chloride). The chloromethylation of aromatics is well known in the art (See, for instance, Olah, Friedel Crafts and Related Reactions, V. ll, part 2, lnterscience Publishers, N.Y., 1964), and all of the various hydrocarbon feed stocks which may be chloromethylated and do not interfere with the production of halogen and isocyanurate containing polyisocyanates of the present invention are within the scope of this invention. Preferably, the hydrocarbon feed stock to be chloromethylated is selected from the group of benzene, toluene, xylene, (para, ortho, and meta isomers), naphthalene, and noninterferring derivatives thereof (e.g., chloromethyl derivatives) with toluene or its derivatives being most preferred. The product mixture produced in the chloromethylation reaction may be used directly as the feed stock in the present invention with the provision that the average value of m is at least about 2.0 and more preferably between 2.2 and 6 and most preferably between 2.5 and 4. For instance, a mixture of diand trichloromethyl substituted toluenes is within the scope of this invention.

Although the polyalkylchlorinated organic starting materials are preferably prepared by a chloromethylation reaction, any method may be used so long as the chlorinated product, if aromatic, has at least an average of two chlorine substituents per molecule which are not directly bonded to the nucleus of the aromatic ring. Preferably, the chlorines are bonded to lower alltyl hydrocarbon polyvalent radicals, especially methyl. Other methods for preparing the polyalkyl chlorinated organic starting materials are well known in the art. For example, suitable starting materials are prepared by reacting xylene, mesitylene, or 2,-dirnethyl-naphthalene, for example, with molecular chlorine in the presence of ultraviolet light or any other free radical initiator.

The mole ratio (k./m.) of metal cyanate to chloroalkylated compound is preferably from about 0.25 to less than 0.8 and more preferably from about 0.3 to about 0.75, and most preferably from about 0.35 to about 0.7. Any ratio above about 0.8 gives a polyisocyanate product which has an insignificant number of halogen substituents thereon to enhance its flame retardant characteristics and is unsuitable for the purposes of this invention.

The polyisocyanate product may have some chloroalkyl groups substituted thereon as well as bromoalkyl or iodoalkyl groups, but in the preferred embodiment, a substantial portion (greater than 20 mole percent, preferably greater than 50 percent) of the total halogen in the product will consist of Br and/or I. It is generally known that bromine and iodine are better than chlorine for flame retardancy imparting characteristics. in the reaction of the present invention, preferred metal halides are sodium bromide, potassium bromide, sodium iodide, and potassium iodide which are all readily soluble in the most preferred solvent, DMF. When using sodium bromide, byproduct sodium chloride is formed (see equation 1) which is insoluble in DMF and separation from the product polyisocyanate is readily achieved by decantation, filtration, or by other well known liquid-solid separation methods. Preferably, the ratio of number of moles (n) of metal halide to the number of moles of chlorine in the organic polychloride feed (m) is from about 0.25 to about 0.08 and most preferably from about 0.30 to abut 0.65.

The cyanation reaction is preferably conducted at temperatures of from about 25 to about 300 C. and most preferably of from about 50 to about C. Pressure is not narrowly critical and may be from below 1 atmosphere to over 10,000 p.s.i.g. In most cases it will be preferable to conduct the reaction in the absence of water on a batch-type basis, although flow systems with continuous inflow of reactants may be utilized. The most convenient apparatus will, in most cases, be a conventional tight lid varnish cooker or similar reactor having a reflux condenser, provision for agitation, and the usual controls for temperature and pressure. The pressure of the reaction, of course, will depend upon the vapor pressure of the solvent utilized and the desired reaction temperature. The reaction time will depend on the nature of the polyisocyanate being prepared and may range from about 0.05 to about 24 hours. Generally, the reaction will take from about 0.1 to about 0.5 hours for the most preferred starting materials and reaction conditions.

The products of this invention are halogenated isocyanurate containing polyisocyanates, i.e. they contain from 0 to 15 isosy nurst r s isocyanurate ring halogen (Br, Cl or I), and isocyanate groups (NCO) whose N is not directly attached to an aromatic ring. The products may be made from a single polyhalide reactant or alternatively from a mixture of polyhalides.

For illustrative purposes, F105. 1 and 2 in the drawings are i set forth to further clarify the scope of this invention as described in Equation 1 and to depict specific exemplary structures obtained from either a single polyhalide (FIG. 1) or from polyhalide mixtures (P10. 2). 7 m g The following examples are illustrative of preferred embodiments of this invention but are not meant to limit it in any way. A variety of modifications and variations will become obvious to those skilled in the art upon a reading of the present application, and all such obvious variations and modifications are to be taken as being within the scope of the claims appended hereto.

EXAMPLE I Chloromethylation of Bis(chloromethyl) toluene 48.25 g. bis(chloromethyl) toluene, 11.2 g. paraformaldehyde, 21.0 g. zinc chloride, 4.5 g. water, and 50 ml. of nheptane are charged to a vented all glass reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a reflux condenser, a gas inlet tube, and a temperature controller. The reactants are stirred together and HCl is purged through the mixture. Monitored flow meters maintain a constant excess of HCl throughoutthe mixture. The reaction is maintained at 70 C. for a period of 4 hours, then cooled to room temperature and allowed to stand, upon which three phases form. A large amount of white solid crystallizes from the upper organic layer. Benzene is added to the mixture and stirred well to dissolve the white solid and combine the upper two phases, while continuing purging with nitrogen to remove excess HCl. The mixture is placed in a separatory funnel and the lower aqueous-catalyst phase is removed. The organic phase is then washed with 200 ml. of water, followed by 200 ml. of 5 percent sodium bicarbonate, and then again with 200 ml. of water. The organic solution is dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered clear, and concentrated on a rotating evaporator. 50.3 g. of yellow oil which crystallizes upon standing is obtained. The product is clay treated in benzene, filtered, and distilled under vacuum pump pressure to remove benzyl chloride and any remaining solvent. The distillation is stopped when the overhead temperature reaches 65 C. at 75 mm. Hg. The product (A) solidifies on cooling and is identified as a mixture of 2,4 bis(chloromethyl) toluene (10.7 weight percent), tris(chloromethyl) toluene (61.9 weight percent) and a mixture of chloromethylated ditolylmethanes (27.4 weight percent) by gas liquid chromatography. By elemental analysis, this residue contains about 40 percent chlorine.

Cyanation of Product A 30 g. of the above residue mixture (containing 0.35 moles chlorine), 15.1 g. (0.23 mole) sodium cyanate, 11.9 g. (0.17 moles) sodium bromide, and 200 ml. anhydrous dimethylformamide (DMF) is charged to an all glass reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer and nitrogen inlet with controls for temperature and pressure. The reactants are stirred together under a low pressure nitrogen atmosphere and heated to, reflux and held at that temperature for about minutes. The reaction mixture is then cooled to about 10 C. with an ice bath, and filtered to collect the insoluble salts. The DMF fil' trate is concentrated on a rotating evaporator at 75 C. and at 7 mm. Hg. The residue obtained is 38.3 g. of a viscous oil. lnfrared analysis shows the product to have 4.14 megs. NCO/g. By elemental analysis the product contains about 6.5% Cl, and 19.1% Br.

EXAMPLE [I 11.87 g. (0.15 mole) 2,4,6 tris(chloromethyl) toluene (99 percent pure), 6.5 g. (0.10 mole) sodium cyanate, 5.92 g. (0.058 mole) sodium bromide, and 67 ml. DMF (dist. from Cal-1,) are stirred at reflux under N, for 10 minutes. The reaction mixture is cooled immediately and then filtered to remove insolubles. The DMF is removed from the filtrate in vacuo with a flash r as-with? s f vslsll l af lii i j well with about ml. benzene. After filtering off the insolubles, the benzene is removed leaving a fluid yellow oil, wt. 13.0 g. Analyses of the oil indicate the following:

55 chlorine 4.76

1'6 bromine 19.5 l Free isocyanate (by infrared) 6.15 megJg.

EXAMPLE m This example demonstrates the excellent flame retardant characteristics of polyurethanes made from the polyisocyanates of this invention.

A bromine containing polyisocyanate is prepared according to the method of example 11. The product contains 20.4% Br and 18.1 percent free isocyanate.

A prepolymer is prepared by combining 10 g. of the polyisocyanate with 0.8 g. of Pluracol TP-440 (propylene oxide and trimethylol propane based triol manufactured by the Wyandotte Chemical Corp.) and stirring the mixture at 75 C. in a nitrogen atmosphere for a period of 2 hours. A foam is prepared as follows:

Component A Prepolymer (above) 5 g.

Silicon L-45 (Union Carbide) 0.02 g. Component 8 Quadrol Polyol (Wyandotte) 1.2 g.

Trichlorofluoromethane 0.06

Components A and B are mixed together, poured into a mold, and allowed to rise. The foam is tack free in 15 minutes. After curing overnight at room temperature, the rigid foam is found to be self-extinguishing when subjected to an oxygenmethane torch. The foam would not sustain combustion even under these severe conditions.

What is claimed is:

1. A process for the preparation of polyisocyanate compounds containing isocyanurate rings and halide groups having the structure:

where R is a polyvalent radical selected from the group consisting of: "N

is as Q and derivatives of the foregoing substituted with groups selected {r951}:

,about 15.

2p+l number of p+2+S(2p+l )l= number of isocyanate groups, and where the products do not contain nitrogen to nitrogen or nitrogen to halogen bonds; said process comprising reacting poly(chloroalkylated) organic compounds which are free from substituents which interfere with the reaction of the present invention with a cyanate of a metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Be, Mg, Ca, in the conjoint presence of a bromide or iodide of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal and in the presence of an aprotic solvent whichis liqu id under the conditior of the reaction, which has a dielectric constant greater than 355665 at 25 Cid/inch is dipolar so that one part of the molecule has a more positive electrical change relative to the other parts of the molecule causing the molecule to act as a dipole, which is sufiiciently inert not to enter into deleterious side reactions to a significant degree under reaction conditions and which does not possess hydrogen atoms capable of hydrogen bonding with or transferring to anions in solution in the reaction mixture, or mixtures of such aprotic solvents, wherein the reaction is conducted at temperatures of from about 25 to about 300 C., wherein the mole ratio of metal cyanate to the chloride in the polychloroalkylated organic compound is from about 0.25 to less than about 0.8 and wherein the mole ratio of metal halide to chlorine in the organic poly(chloroalkylated) organic compounds in the feed is from about 0.25 to about 0.80.

2. The process of claim 1 wherein the aprotic solvent is selected from the group consisting of N-alkyl pyrrolidones, dialkylformamides, nitriles, hexaalkylphosphoramides, tetraalkylureas, dialkylsulfoxides, and dialkylsulfones.

3. The process of claim 2 wherein the aprotic solvent comprises a major portion of N,N-dimethylformamide.

41. The process of claim 1 wherein from about 0.05 to about 50 liters of solvent are present per mole of chloroalkyl group in the poly(chloroalkylated) organic compound starting material.

5. The process of claim 1 wherein the chloroalkylated organic reactant is poly(chloromethylated) toluene.

6. The process of claim ll wherein the chloroalkylated organic starting material comprises a mixture of chloromethylated aromatics wherein the average number of chloromethyl groups per molecule is greater than about 2.0.

7. The process of claim 1 wherein the metal cyanate is sodium cyanate.

8. Mixtures of organic polyisocyanates containing isocyanurate rings and halide groups comprising compounds having the structure:

N O: k, J l"- ]D+Z+S(ID+I)Y [H1] y 5 2+ Ill-H where R is a polyvalent radical selected from the group consisting of: IO ICE;

XX X 0 U 0 XX N S X CH OH;

I I CH; CH; xx 2 l I where X is halogen and derivatives of the foregoing substituted with groups lower alkyl group, halogen, aryl, alkoxy or aryloxy; and where R may be hydrogen, lower alkyl or aryl;

B1 halogen (chlorine, bromine or iodine),

2+S= number of CHR groups,

Y number of halide groups,

p number of isocyanurate groups and is from about 0 to about 15.

2p+l number of v M i I groups number of R groups p+2+s(2p+l )Y number of isocyanate groups, and where the products do not contain nitrogen to nitrogen or nitrogen to s'=1ibq 1d 5wwmnw a. from about 0.1 to about mole percent of the total nitrogen content in the form of isocyanurate rings; and a free isocyanate content of at least 0.5 milliequivalents of NCO groupsper gram of product mixture, and

b. from about to about 50 weight percent halogen based on the total weight of the product.

9. The mixtures of claim 8 wherein at least weight percent of the total halogen in the product consists of Br, I, or both.

IQ 'ILhe mixtures of claim 8 wherein there are present from about 10 to about 75 mole percent of the total nitrogen in the mixture in the form of isocyanurate rings.

11. The mixtures of claim 8 wherein there are present at least 2.0 milliequivalents of NCO groups per gram of product mixture.

l l i i POIOSQ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE 0F CORRECTION Patent No. 3,627,689 Dated .Dec. 4, 1971 Inventofls) Perry A. Argabright, et al v It is certified that error appears in the aboveidentified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Col. 2, line 22: Should read -or aryloxy, a j

C01 4, line 40: Should read -to about 0.80" Col. 5, line 63: Should read "4. 14 meqs.

I Col. 6, line 7: Should read 6. l5 meq/g.

Col. 6, line 25; Should read --0. s g- Claim 1, line 55: Far right ring should read as follows:

CH3 CH3 Col. 7, lines 5-10: Chemical structures should be in order shown below:

Y I I 4 CH CH 0 EFL-CB n 1- C/ H=CH2 CH -C=CH-- 1 I a I cH -cH-cH=c-c-H -CH2CH2O-CHCH2,

Q (Continued on page 2) UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE pm v CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTIQN Patent No. 627, 689 gp Dated D 14, 971 I t r( Perry A.Argabright et al v It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Col. 7, line 39: "Change" should read -charge-- Col. 8, line 20: Far right ring should read as follows:

CH CH Col. 8, lines 40-50: Chemical structures should be in order shown below:

' v' v z -CH=CH- HC-CH {CH l I u r CH2-CHCH=C-CH -CH -CH -0 CH-CH Signed and sealed this 6th day of June 1972.

SEAL .J

Attest:

EDWARD M.FLETCHER,JR ROBERT GOTI'SCHALK Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents 

2. The process of claim 1 wherein the aprotic solvent is selected from the group consisting of N-alkyl pyrrolidones, dialkylformamides, nitriles, hexaalkylphosphoramides, tetraalkylureas, dialkylsulfoxides, and dialkylsulfones.
 3. The process of claim 2 wherein the aprotic solvent comprises a major portion of N,N-dimethylformamide.
 4. The process of claim 1 wherein from about 0.05 to about 50 liters of solvent are present per mole of chloroalkyl group in the poly(chloroalkylated) organic compound starting material.
 5. The process of claim 1 wherein the chloroalkylated organic reactant is poly(chloromethylated) toluene.
 6. The process of claim 1 wherein the chloroalkylated organic starting material comprises a mixture of chloromethylated aromatics wherein the average number of chloromethyl groups per molecule is greater than about 2.0.
 7. The process of claim 1 wherein the metal cyanate is sodium cyanate.
 8. Mixtures of organic polyisocyanates containing isocyanurate rings and halide groups comprising compounds having the structure:
 9. The mixtures of claim 8 wherein at least 20 weight percent of the total halogen in the product consists of Br, I, or both.
 10. The mixtures of claim 8 wherein there are present from about 10 to about 75 mole percent of the total nitrogen in the mixture in the form of isocyanurate rings.
 11. The mixtures of claim 8 wherein there are present at least 2.0 milliequivalents of -NCO groups per gram of product mixture.
 15. 2p+1 number of groups number of R groups p+2+S(2p+1)- Y number of isocyanate groups, and where the products do not contain nitrogen to nitrogen or nitrogen to halogen bonds; said process comprising reacting poly(chloroalkylated) organic compounds which are free from substituents which interfere with the reaction of the present invention with a cyanate of a metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Be, Mg, Ca, in the conjoint presence of a bromide or iodide of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal and in the presence of an aprotic solvent which is liquid under the conditions of the reaction, which has a dielectric constant greater than about 15 at 25* C. which is dipolar so that one part of the molecule has a more positive electrical change relative to the other parts of the molecule causing the molecule to act as a dipole, which is sufficiently inert not to enter into deleterious side reactions to a significant degree under reaction conditions and which does not possess hydrogen atoms capable of hydrogen bonding with or transferring to anions in solution in the reaction mixture, or mixtures of such aprotic solvents, wherein the reaction is conducted at temperatures of from about 25* to about 300* C., wherein the mole ratio of metal cyanate to the chloride in the polychloroalkylated organic compound is from about 0.25 to less than about 0.8 and wherein the mole ratio of metal halide to chlorine in the organic poly(chloroalkylated) organic compounds in the feed is from about 0.25 to about 0.80. 